Naqshadeynta iyo wax qabadka baaritaanka Ogsajiinta kala diri ee ruggedised (DO), kaas oo ku salaysan wajiga fuorometric ogaanshaha qiiqa damiyay ee ruthenium-ka xasaasiga ah, ayaa la sheegay.Qalabku waxa uu ku xidhan yahay matrix sol± jel ah oo daloola oo loo habeeyay codsigan.Dareen-celinta LED-ka iyo ogaanshaha photodiode-ka ayaa lagu shaqeeyaa isku-dubbaridka baaritaanka-dipstick, oo leh oksijiinta-xasaasiga ah ®lm oo ku dahaaran saxanka PMMA ee la tuuri karo, kaas oo isna loogu talagalay inuu ku hago iftiinka ®lm guud ahaan dib-u-kicin gudaha ah.Cutubka ugu muhiimsan ee nakhshaduhu waa habka caadiga ah ee diidmada wejiga u dhexeeya calaamadaha iyo kanaalada tixraaca, oo u baahan xulashada taxadar leh ee qaybaha indhaha ee ku habboon.Faa'iidooyinka habka fuorometric wajiga marka loo eego cabbirka xoojinta ayaa la iftiimiyay.Qalabka elektiroonigga ah ee lagu ogaanayo wejiga wuxuu muujinayaa degganaansho wanaagsan oo muddada-dheer ah oo leh heer-kul aad u sarreeya 0.00087.Jawaabta dareemaha waxay soo bandhigaysaa saamiga calaamad-ilaa-qeylada (SNR) iyo dib u noqoshada waxaana lagu saxay heerkulka iyo cadaadiska labadaba.Xadka ogaanshaha (LOD) waa caadi ahaan 0.15 hPa ama 6 ppb.Dareemuhu wuxuu leeyahay codsiyo badan oo suurtagal ah laakiin waxaa loogu talagalay ugu horrayn in lagu dabaqo la socodka biyaha wasakhda ah.# 2001 Elsevier Science BV Dhammaan xuquuqaha way xifdisan yihiin.
1. Hordhac
Go'aaminta feejignaanta oksijiinta ayaa muhiim u ah qaybo badan oo ka mid ah warshadaha, daawada iyo deegaanka. Qadarka oksijiinta lagu milmay biyaha waa calaamad muujinaysa tayada biyaha iyo xakamaynta taxadar leh ee heerarka oksijiinta ayaa muhiim u ah maareynta biyaha wasakhda ah iyo halsano. hababka.Dareemayaasha oksijiinta kala diri ee indhaha (DO) [1] way ka soo jiidasho badan yihiin aaladaha caadiga ah ee amperometric, sababtoo ah, guud ahaan, waxay leeyihiin waqti jawaab celin degdeg ah, ma isticmaalaan ogsijiinta si fududna uma sumoobaan.Hawlgalka dareemayaasha badanaa wuxuu ku salaysan yahay deminta ¯Uorescence ee joogitaanka ogsijiinta.Shaqadan, ¯Uorescent rutheniumcomplex, [Ru II-Tris(4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline)] 2, (Ru- (Ph 2 phen) 3 2) ayaa loo doortay sababtoo ah birta aadka u siidaaya- gobolka-wareejinta kharashka, cimri dheer, iyo nuugista xooggan ee gobolka buluug-cagaaran ee spectrum, kaas oo la jaan qaadaya iftiinka sare ee buluuga ah ee iftiiminaya iftiinka.Midabku waxa uu ku dheggan yahay dalool badan, sol±gel ®lm.Habka deminta oksijiinta waxaa lagu sifeeyaa isla'egyada Stern ± Volmer: halka I iyo t ay yihiin, siday u kala horreeyaan, xoojinta fluorescence iyo nolosheeda xiisaha leh ee fluorophore, subscript 0 wuxuu muujinayaa maqnaanshaha oksijiinta, K SV ee Stern ± Volmer joogto ah, k Bakhtiyeynta ku-tiirsanaanta bimolecular deminta joogtada ah, iyo p O 2 cadaadiska qaybta oksijiinta. Wax badan ayaa la daabacay [2 ± 4] dareemayaasha oksijiinta indhaha kuwaas oo ku salaysan xoojinta deminta fuorescenceEq.
(1).Hadda waxaa la ogaaday in dareemayaashani ay leeyihiin cillado badan.Kuwaas waxaa ka mid ah u nuglaanshiyaha isha iftiinka iyo leexashada qalabka wax sheegta, isbeddellada ku yimaadda dariiqa indhaha, iyo leexashada ay sabab u tahay xaalufka ama dheesha dheeha.Saamayntan waa la yareeyn karaa iyadoo lagu hawlgelinayo dareemaha wakhtiga domainka halkii laga isticmaali lahaa qaybta xoojinta [5,6].Cimrigu, t , waa hantida udub-dhexaadka u ah NUXURKA kaas oo, ka duwan xoojinta, ka madax bannaan qallafsanaanta dibadda.Wakhtiga noloshu waa la demiyaa (la dhimaa) marka ay jirto ogsijiin, demintan waxa lagu tilmaamay Eq.
(2).Dareemaha DO ee halkan lagu soo sheegay, noloshu waxaa loola socdaa hawlo uruurin oksijiin ah iyadoo la adeegsanayo farsamada fuorometry ee wajiga [7,8], halkaas oo farqiga wajiga xasaasiga ah ee ogsijiinta lagu cabbiro inta u dhaxaysa calaamadda huursanaanta la beddelay iyo calaamadda tixraaceed ee la beddelay. Ujeedada Shaqadani waxay ahayd in la dhiso DO dareemaha ku salaysan baadhitaanka ee ku salaysan mabda'a fuorometric wajiga.Shaqadan, codsiga ugu weyn ee dareemaha ayaa ku jira daaweynta biyaha wasakhda ah.Tilmaamaha waxaa ka mid ah cabbir cabbiraadda 0±15 ppm, xasiloonida 0.1ppm wiigii, xadka ogaanshaha (LOD) ee <10 ppb iyo hal dhibic cabirid.Warqadan, faahfaahinta naqshadda dareemayaasha optoelectronic iyo sidoo kale naqshadaynta qalabka elektarooniga ah ee cabbirka ayaa la soo bandhigay.Waxqabadka dareemayaasha waxaa lagu soo warramey iyadoo la eegayo tafsiiryada sare, iyo sidoo kale nidaamka cabbiridda.Ugu dambeyntii, faa'iidooyinka nidaamka marka loo eego dareenka xoogga ku salaysan ayaa la muujiyay.
2. Samaynta filimada iyo qalabaynta tijaabada
2.1.Samaynta filimada
Sol silica ah ayaa lagu diyaariyey biyo: saamiga molar precursor (R) ee 4 iyo pH 1 sidii hore loo sharaxay [4].Hordhac ahaan wax laga beddelay oo la isticmaalay wuxuu ahaa methyltriethoxy silane (MTEOS).Meel wareeg ah oo dhexroorkeedu yahay 1 cm ayaa lagu dahaadhay badhtamaha saxanka PMMA (eeg qaybta 5) ®lm waxa lagu daaweeyay 70 8 C 24 saacCaag silikoon madow ah ®lm (Wacker, Elastosil N189) ayaa markaas lagu dahaadhay dhammaan aagga saxanka si indhaha looga soociyo dareeme ®lm deegaanka cabbirka.
2.2.Tijaabi qalabaynta
Jawaabta dareemaha waxaa lagu cabiray in la geliyo dareeraha kaydka biyaha, kaas oo isku darka gaasaska nitrogen-ka lagu leeyahay, ay gacanta ku hayaan kontaroolayaasha tirada badan (Unit Instruments, UFC1100A).Si loo cabbiro heerkulka, kaydka laftiisa ayaa la dhex geliyay qubeyska heerkulka joogtada ah (Lauda, RE104).
3. Fluorometry wajiga
3.1.Mabaadi'da fluorometry wajiga
Inta lagu jiro nolosha uorescence ee tilmaamuhu waa hanti u gaar ah oo gebi ahaanba ka madax bannaan soo-jiidashada xoogga iftiinka, dareemeyaasha iyo dariiqa iftiinka habka indhaha [7].Shaybaadhkan, naqshadihii hore ee dareemayaasha oksijiinta indhaha [3,4] waxay ku salaysnaayeen deminta xoojinta sida uu qeexay Eq.(1).In kasta oo dareemayaashani ay muujinayaan saamiga signal-ilaa-sanay ee aad u wanaagsan (SNR) iyo jawaab celin la soo celin karo, waxay la ildaran yihiin qulqulitaan salka ah sababtoo ah soo saarista LED-ka waxayna u nugul yihiin inay leexdaan sababtoo ah booska dareenka ®lm.
Kala duwanaanshaha.Waxa kale oo jirta suurtagalnimada kala duwanaansho jawaab celin ah oo ay ugu wacan tahay dheecaanka dheeha iyo sawir-qaadista.Inta badan dhibaatooyinkan waxaa lagaga gudbi karaa iyadoo la isticmaalo hab-wejiga-uorometric hab kaas oo ku lug leh ka shaqaynta qaybta wakhtiga marka loo eego Eq.(2), halkii laga ahaan lahaa qaybta xoojinta.Haddii calaamada kicinta si sinusoid ahaan ah loo habeeyey, fuorescence dheeha sidoo kale waa la bedelay laakiin wakhtigu waa daahiyay ama marxaladda ayaa loo beddelay marka loo eego calaamadda kicinta.Xidhiidhka ka dhexeeya cimriga, t , iyo wareegtada wejiga u dhigma, f , hal suuska jibbaarada waa halka f uu yahay inta jeer ee habaynta.Isbedelka wejigan waxaa lagu muujiyey Jaantuska 1. Khasaaraha ka jira wajiga fluorometry waa in SNR ay hoos u dhacdo iyadoo la kordhinayo soo noqnoqoshada isbeddelka, iyo maadaama dareenka wajiga uu kordho inta jeer ee isbeddelka [9], inta jeer ee ugu fiican waa in la doorto.Tan ayaa laga wada hadli doonaa, iyadoo lala kaashanayo cabbirka elegtarooniga ee qaybta 5.
4. Tixgelinta naqshadaynta dareemayaasha
Naqshadeynta naqshadaynta baadhida ayaa lagu muujiyay sawirka 2. Isku-dubarid kooban ayaa loo adeegsaday si ay ugu habboonaato shuruudaha codsiga gaarka ah (la-socodka biyaha wasakhda).Baadhitaanku wuxuu cabbiraa qiyaastii 15 cm oo dherer ah oo leh dhexroor 4 cm ah.Marka laga reebo optoelec tronics iyo sensor ®lm, preampli®er is haysta ayaa sidoo kale lagu hayaa baaritaanka.Isha xamaasadu waa LED buluug ah (Nichia, NSPE590) waxaana loo doortaa [10] sifooyinkeeda heerkulka deggan ee u dhigma kuwa tixraaca LED (eeg hoos).Dareemuhu waa silicon photodiode (Hamamatsu, S1223), kaas oo sidoo kale muujinaya xasilloonida heerkulka wanaagsan.Iftiinka la beddeley ee LED-ka buluugga ah waxaa lagu beddeley iyadoo la isticmaalayo ablue glass bandpass ®lter (OF1: Schott, BG12) dhumucdiisuna tahay 2 mm si meesha looga saaro dabada mawjadda dheer ee qiiqa LED-ka.Waji-uorescence-ka-bedeshay ee dareeraha ®lm waa dhacdo ku taal photodiode ka dib marka la soo maro isha dheer ee ®lter (OF3: LEE-gel ®lter135), si loo kala saaro iftiinka kicinta iyo qiiqa. Laga soo bilaabo sawirka 2, waxaa la arki karaa in hydrophobic sol±gel sensor ®lm, oo hore loogu habeeyay DO dareenka [4], uu ku dahaadhay saxanka PMMA kaas oo leh gees xagal leh.Xagasha waxaa loo doortay si loo hagaajiyo wadarta guud ee dib u soo celinta iftiinka LED-ka ee dareenka ®lm.PMMA waxaa loo doortay sidii substrate loogu talagalay dareemaha ®lm sababtoo ah fudaydka mashiinka iyo iyadoo la eegayo ugu dambeyntii naqshadeynta koofiyada dareeraha qaabaysan ee duritaanka si loo fududeeyo wax soo saarka ballaaran.Lakabka dareeraha sol±gel waxa lagu dahaadhay caag madow oo silikoon ®lm ah, dhumucdiisuna waa is-afgarad u dhexeeya helitaanka mugdiga dhammaystiran iyo saamaynta ugu yar ee wakhtiga jawaabta dareenka.Tani waxay ka dhigan tahay lakab go'doon ah oo wax ku ool ah kaas oo yareynaya shucaaca asalka sababtoo ah iftiinka jawiga deegaanka cabbirka iyo sidoo kale ka fogaanshaha kicinta LED ee nooc kasta oo dibadda ah.LED-ka labaad (Hewlett Packard, HLMA-KL00) waa qayb ka mid ah nidaamka tixraaca laba-geesoodka ah.Tixraacan LED wuxuu ku sii daayaa 590 nm waxaana lagu beddelaa bandpass ®lter (OF3: Schott, BG39).LED-kani waxa uu ku jiraa kala duwanaansho la mid ah kan fuorescence (610 nm), waxaana si taxadir leh loo doortay [10] si uu ugu dhigmo iftiinka buluuga ah ee kicinta marka la eego beddelka wakhtiga iyo sifooyinka heerkulka.Marxaladda qallafsan waxay u beddeshaa heer kulka iyo waxyaabaha kale ee ku jira tixraaca laba-geesoodka ah, faahfaahinta kuwaas oo lagu falanqeynayo Qaybta 5. Heerkulbeeg ayaa la geliyaa xannibaadda birta ah ee ku dheggan saxanka dareemayaasha si loola socdo heerkulka cabbirka.
5. Qalabka elektaroonigga ah ee cabbiraadda wejiga iyo helitaanka xogta
Jaantuska xannibaadda ee nidaamka cabbiraadda wejiga ayaa lagu muujiyey sawirka 3. LED kasta waxa lagu habeeyey inta jeer ee 20 kHz.Sida lagu sheegay Qaybta 3, inta jeer ee soo noqnoqda si taxadar leh ayaa loo hagaajiyay iyada oo ah is-afgarad ka dhexeeya SNR oo la dhimay ee soo noqnoqoshada isbeddelka sare iyo hoos u dhaca dareenka wejiga ee soo noqnoqoshada hoose [10].Arrin dheeri ah oo ka mid ah tanaasulka naqshadeynta ayaa ah xoojinta LED-ka, taas oo la dhimay heer ay dheecanka dheehadu ay tahay mid aan la dayacin karin. Calaamadda nuorescence ee la beddelay ee ka timaadda photodiode waxaa loo beddelaa cod-weyneeye ku-meel-gaar ah (TR IMP) oo loo beddelo koronto. calaamad.Ka dib waa la kordhiyey oo bandpass ®ltered (AMP) si loo baabi'iyo qaybta DC iyo iswaafajinta sare ee calaamadda.Wareegga xaddidan ee gaarka ah (LIM) ayaa loo adeegsadaa si looga hortago in ay buuxsamaan cod-weyneyaasha shaqada iyo wadidda xad dhaafka ah ee isbarbardhigga (COMP).Digniinta TTL-da ee weji-wareegaya ayaa laga soo saaray isbarbardhigga, waxaana lagu quudiyaa calaamadda kicinta tixraaca, gudaha gaar-ama iridda (EXOR).Calaamadda wax-soo-saarka ayaa markaas ® beddeleysa lowpass ®lter (LP) oo siinaya calaamad koronto oo u dhiganta wareegga wareegga la qiyaasay.Sida lagu falanqeeyay qaybta 4, qalabka elektaroonigga ah waxaa loogu talagalay in lagu baabi'iyo khaladaadka marxaladda sababtoo ah qalabka elektiroonigga ah iyo habdhaqanka heerkulka la xiriira.Tan waxaa lagu gaaraa iyadoo la adeegsanayo nidaamka tixraaca LED-ka ee laba-geesoodka ah.Sida la arkay sawirka 3, kicinta LED1 iyo tixraaca LED2 ayaa si kala duwan loo beddelaa si loo go'aamiyo farqiga wajiga, f ref, sababtoo ah qalabka elektiroonigga ah oo keliya.Isbedelka wejigan waxa laga jarayaa wakhtiga dhabta ah ee wareegtada ku-tiirsanaanta ogsijiinta, f sig , si loo helo isbeddelka wejiga soo-saarka dareenka speci®c.
6. Waxqabadka dareemayaasha iyo borotokoolka cabbirka
6.1.Ogsajiinta jawaabta
Sida lagu falanqeeyay qaybta 3, soo noqnoqoshada habaynta ee 20kHz ayaa loo doortay is-afgarad ka dhexeeya dareenka ogsijiinta iyo SNR ee nidaamka weji-uorometric.Qallooca jawaab celinta dareenka caadiga ah, f sida shaqada cadaadiska qayb ka mid ah oksijiinta, ayaa lagu muujiyay sawirka 4. Jawaabtan waxaa lagu cabbiray qiyaasta qiyaasta oksijiinta dhamaystiran ee 0± 100% heerkulka ®xed ee 20 8 C. Waa cad in xogtani ay muujinayso SNR wanaagsan iyo dib u soo celinta.Ku celcelinta jawaabta dareeme gaar ah ®lm ayaa lagu muujiyey Jaantuska 5. Halkan, jawaabta ®lm ee muddada 3 bilood ah ayaa lagu muujiyey sida Stern ± Volmer plot Eq.(2).Xogta is dulsaaran waxay tusinaysaa xasiloonida jawaabta.Sida Jaantuska 4, xogtan waxa la duubay 20 8 C.
6.2.hagaajinta heerkulka
Waxa jira tiro tabaruc ah oo lagu kordhinayo ku-tiirsanaanta heerkulka jawaabta dareemayaasha oksijiinta.Sida lagu falanqeeyay Qaybta 5, ku-tiirsanaanta heerkul kasta ee cabbiraadda elektiroonigga ayaa si aad ah loo tixraacay nidaamka dual LED, taasoo keentay heerkulka aasaasiga ah ee aadka u hooseeya ee 0.00087 heerka wajiga / 8 C. Waxyaalaha soo hadhay waa ku tiirsanaanta heerkulka ruthenium-uorescence iyo ogsijiinta.
Inta badan wareegga lagu muujiyay sawirka 3 ayaa si gooni ah loogu rakibay madaxa dareenka.Cutubkan waxaa ku jira dareemaha cadaadiska si uu ula socdo cadaadiska jawiga inta lagu jiro cabbirka.Marxaladda hore ee ampli®er waxa lagu rakibaa madaxa dareenka (Jaantuska 2) si loo yareeyo buuqa nidaamka.Isbedelka wejiga, (f sig ÿ f ref) waxaa lagu duubayaa heerkul iyo cadaadis deegaan waxaana lagu farsameeyay software-ka si loo siiyo heerkul iyo cadaadis la saxo qaloocyada cabbirida sida lagu qeexay qaybta xigta.
Saamaynta waxaa lagu gartaa in la cabbiro jawaabta dareemaha sida shaqada heerkulka.Jawaabta waxaa lagu cabbiray inta u dhaxaysa 5 ± 30 8 C ee tillaabooyinka 2 8 iyo xogta la helay waxaa lagu muujiyay sawirka 3-D ee lagu muujiyay sawirka 6. Xogtan ayaa la farsameeyaa, sida looga hadlay qaybta xigta, si loo sameeyo dhali shaqo heer kul ah oo saxan.
6.3.Hab-raaca hab-raaca
Qalloocyada jawaabta sida sawirka 4 ayaa la falanqeeyay si loo soo saaro celceliska qiimaha wejiga ee uruurinta ogsijiinta kasta.Habka kabka cubic ®tting waxa loo isticmaalaa in xagal wejiga iyo xogta cadaadiska qayb ahaan ogsijiinta ee heerkul kasta.Tan waxa loo isticmaalaa in lagu soo saaro tiro ahaan xog joogto ah oo f ah oo kala duwan oo joogto ah oo uruurinta ogsijiinta iyo heerkulka ku kaydsan software-ka.Heerarka oksijiinta aan la garanayn ee lagu cabbiray ®eld waxa lagu helaa iyada oo la gelinayo qiimaha wejiga la qiyaasay taas oo keenta abuurista heer kul u dhigma oo ka soo horjeeda xogta xog ururinta.Tan waxaa ® loo qaabeeyey sidii hore waxaana la helay uruurinta ogsijiinta saxda ah ee u dhiganta heerkulka cabbirka.Software-ku wuxuu sidoo kale u oggolaanayaa hagaajinta qalooca cabbirka si loo saxo cadaadiska jawiga maalinta cabbirka (haddii tani ay ka duwan tahay cadaadiska wakhtiga cabbirka).
6.4.Xadka ogaanshaha iyo xasilloonida muddada dheer
SNR 750 ah ayaa lagu qiyaasay si tijaabo ah.Tani waxay dhalinaysaa LOD aad u hooseeya.LOD-ga iyo xallinta dareemaha ayaa la qiyaasay saddex jeer ka weecashada caadiga ah ee buuqa, halka celcelis ahaan 30 s.Sababtoo ah toosan la'aanta jawaabta wajiga-oxygen, oo lagu arkay dhulalka Stern ± Volmer aan toos ahayn ee Jaantuska 5, xallintu waxay ku kala duwan tahay xoojinta oksijiinta.LOD waxaa lagu qiyaasay inuu yahay 6.6 ppb ama 0.15 hPa, halka xallinta 9 ppm oksijiin uruurinta lagu qiyaasay inuu yahay 15 ppb ama 0.34 hPa.LOD-gani waxa uu si fiican ugu yimi qeexitaanka (<10 ppb) ee codsiga gaarka ah ee biyaha wasakhda. .Jawaabta ®lms-ku waxay u muuqataa mid deggan khaladka nidaamka shaybaadhka.Ugu yaraan, dareemaha ayaa buuxinaya shuruudaha xasilloonida ee 0.1 ppm todobaadkii.®lm lafteedu waa qallafsanaan waxayna u adkeysan doontaa xaaladaha daran ee dhirta biyaha wasakhda ah.
7. Gabagabo
Dareemka DO ee wax qabad sare leh, oo ku salaysan ogaanshaha wajiga fuorometric, ayaa la soo sheegay.Faa'iidooyinka ogaanshaha wejiga marka loo eego ogaanshaha xoogga ayaa ahaa iftiin sare oo madaxa dareenka gaarka ah iyo wareegga cabbiraadda wejiga ayaa lagu tilmaamay.Nidaamka tixraaca ee laba-geesoodka ah ee LED-ka iyo xulashada taxaddarka leh ee optoelectronic iyo qaybaha elektiroonigga ah waxay keeneen saldhig aad u deggan oo heerkulkiisu hooseeyo.Jawaabta dareemayaasha waxaa lagu gartaa SNR wanaagsan iyo ku celcelin.Waxqabadka dareemayaasha ayaa ka badan sifooyinkii hore ee codsiga la socodka biyaha wasakhda.LOD waa <10 ppb, halka xasilloonida muddada-dheer ay suurtagelin doonto hawlgal la isku halayn karo muddo bilo ah ugu yaraan.Ku-tiirsanaanta heerkulka jawaab-celinta dareemaha ayaa lagu sifeeyay oo lagu daray hawl-qaadid.Iyadoo dareemaha uu si fiican ugu shaqeyn doono si ka fiican tirada buuxda ee uruurinta ogsijiinta ilaa 100% DO, jawaabtu waxay si gaar ah xasaasi ugu tahay heerarka ogsijiinta hoose sababtoo ah firfircoonida habka deminta indhaha ee jawiga kala duwan ee microporous ®lm.Dareemaha sol±gel ®lm waa qallafsan waxaana lagu dari karaa isku-xidhka daboolka la tuuri karo.Madaxa dareemaha ku salaysan baadhitaanka waxa loo qaabeeyey si gaar ah ula socodka biyaha wasakhda ah laakiin dareemaha ayaa dib loogu xidhi karaa codsiyada kale ee suurtogalka ah.Gaar ahaan, isticmaalka aaladaha optoelectronic ee yar-yar iyo suurtogalnimada in qaab-dhismeedka yar-yar ee sol±gel ®lm, ay u horseedi karto codsiyo kale ®elds sida goobaha baakadaha caafimaadka iyo cuntada.
Tixraacyo
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[8] GA Holst, T. Koster, E. Voges, DW Lubbers, FLOX Ð nidaamka cabbirka qulqulka oksijiinta iyadoo la adeegsanayo hab-habboonka habka si loo qiimeeyo cimriga fluorescence-ku-tiirsan ogsijiinta, Sens. Actuators B 29 (1995) 231 ± 239.
[9] JR Lakowicz, Mabaadi'da Fluorescence Spectroscopy, Plenum Press, New York, 1983.
[10] C. Kolle, Horumarinta iyo qiimaynta qalabka wajiga-fluorometric ee iftiinka ku salaysan dareenka ogsijiinta.Ph.D.Thesis, Jaamacadda Leoben, Luulyo 1999.
[11] N. Opitz, HJ Graf, DW Lubbers, Dareemaha Ogsajiinta ee kala duwan ee heerkulka 300± 500 K oo ku salaysan fluorescence deminta caag silikoon ah oo tilmaamayaasha-la daweeyay, Sens. Actuators B 13(1988) 159.BiographiesColette McDonagh waxay ku qalin jabisay Shahaadada Tijaabada Fiisigiska ee Jaamacadda Galway 1976. Waxaa lagu abaalmariyay PhD Physics Physics ka Trinity College, Dublin 1980. Waxay ku qaadatay 3 sano ee soo socda sidii saaxiib cilmi-baaris ka dib, oo uu ku xigay bare ku meel gaar ah oo ka tirsan Waaxda Saafiga ah. iyo Fiisigiska lagu dabaqay ee kuliyada Trinity, Dublin.Sannadkii 1985, waxay aaday Waaxda Sayniska ee Jaamacadda California ee Davis, iyada oo ah Injineer Cilmi-baaris ah, waxaana loo magacaabay booska ay hadda taagan tahay oo ah Bare ka ah Dugsiga Sayniska Jirka ee Jaamacadda Dublin 1986. Waxay khibrad dheer u leedahay Tilmaamaha indhaha ee alaabta ay ka mid yihiin crystals, muraayadaha iyo filimada khafiifka ah. Tan iyo 1991, Dr. McDonagh, oo xubin ka ah Kooxda Cilmi-baarista Dareemayaasha Aragtida ee Dugsiga Sayniska Jirka ee DCU, ayaa firfircoon u leh horumarinta dareemayaasha kiimikada indhaha gaar ahaan sol ± dareemayaal ku salaysan jel.Dareemayaasha hadda la horumarinayo waxaa ka mid ah ogsijiinta (gaaska iyo milanka), kaarboon laba ogsaydh, pH iyo ammonia.Maalgelinta shaqadan waxay ka timaadaa ilo kala duwan oo ay ku jiraan EU, warshadaha iyo wakaaladaha qaranka.Dr.McDonagh ayaa si weyn ugu daabacay joornaalada dib-u-eegis lagu sameeyay ee meelaha Dareenka indhaha iyo Sifada Qalabka.Christian Kolle waxa uu ku dhashay Klagenfurt, Austria.Waxa uu shahaadada `Diplom Ingenieur' ee Injineerinka Korontada ka qaatay Jaamacadda Farsamada ee Graz sanadkii 1993. Waxa uu ku biiray machadka Kiimikada iyo Sensors indhaha ee Joanneum Research, Graz, Austria, 1994, halkaas oo uu ka shaqaynayay horumarinta qalabka. loogu talagalay dareemayaasha oksijiinta indhaha.Laga soo bilaabo 1998 ilaa 1999, wuxuu la joogay Dugsiga Sayniska Jirka ee Jaamacadda Dublin isagoo ah Fellow Cilmi Sare ah.1999-kii, waxa uu ku dhammaystay PhD-da qalabaynta wajiga fluorometric ee dareenka ogsijiinta indhaha ee Jaamacadda Leoben, Austria.Hadda waxa uu la joogaa Kooxda Sensor IC ee Infineon Technologies Microelectronics Design Centre, Austria.Aisling McEvoy waxa ay ka qalin jabisay Shahaadada Maamuuska ee Tijaabada Fiisigiska ee Jaamacada University College, Dublin 1992. Kadib waxa ay u guurtay Shaybaadhka Sensors Optical ee Jaamacada Dublin City, waxaanay ahayd waxa ay ku siisay aPhD Physics 1996. Waxa ay ku qaadatay 2 sano oo ay ka shaqaynaysay sidii Engineer Geedi socodka Sare ee Intel Ireland, waxaanay ka shaqaynaysay Xarunta Qaranka ee Cilmi Baadhista Sensor, DCU iyada oo ah saaxiibka cilmi-baarista ka dambeeya dhakhtarka ilaa Abriil 1999.Brian MacCraith waa Agaasimaha Xarunta Qaranka ee Cilmi-baarista Sensor-ka iyo ku-xigeenka Professor-ka Fiisigiska ee Jaamacadda Dublin.Wuxuu ku qaatay BSc (1st Class Hons) ee Tijaabada Fiisigiska 1978 ee Kulliyada Jaamacadda, Galway.Sannadkii 1982-kii, waxa uu PhD ku qaatay cilmiga Fiisigiska (Optical
Spectroscopy of chromium-doped crystals) sidoo kale UCG Wuxuu ku biiray shaqaalaha Jaamacadda Dublin 1986 wuxuuna halkaas ka aasaasay shaybaarka dareemayaasha indhaha.Tan iyo markaas waxa uu caan ka ahaa dhinaca dareemayaasha kiimikada optica waxana uu si weyn u daabacay mawduucyada dareenka hirarka evanescent iyo dareemayaasha kormeerka deegaanka.Gaar ahaan, kooxdiisu waxay safka hore kaga jirtay adeegsiga tignoolajiyada sol±gel ee horumarinta dareemayaasha kiimikada indhaha.Shaqadani waxay horseedday daabacaadda warqaddii ugu horreysay ee ku saabsan dareemayaasha gudaha ee fiber-optic sol ± gel-ku-saleysan ee 1991 iyo bixinta Patent-ka guud ee Yurub ee dareemayaasha waveguide Sol± gel 1997. Hadda, Prof. MacCraith wuxuu si dhow ula shaqeynayaa warshadaha. xagga horumarinta dareemayaasha indhaha ee horumarsan ee gaaska iyo dareeraha la socodka.C.McDonagh iyo al./ Sensors and Actuators B 74 (2001) 124±130 129Daragh Dowling waxa uu ku dhammaystay BSc (Hons) ee Fiisigiska la dajiyay ee Jaamacadda Dublin City, Ireland.Hadda waxa uu shahaado sare ka qaadanayaa Shaybaadhka dareemayaasha indhaha ee Jaamacadda Dublin.Sarah-Jane Cullen waxay dhammaysatay shahaadada BSc ee Fiisigiska iyo Kiimikada ee Machadka Teknolojiyadda Dublin ee Kevin Street.Waxay ka shaqeysay kaaliyaha cilmi-baarista ee Shaybaadhka dareemayaasha indhaha ee Jaamacadda Dublin oo ku saabsan agabka/dhisidda dhinaca mashruuca dareeraha ogsijiinta ee kala diri.Attilio (Tony) Cafolla waxa uu BSc ka qalin jabiyay Waaxda Fiisigiska ee Trinity College Dublin 1975 wuxuuna ka helay MSc Fiisigiska isla machad la mid ah 1977. Waxa uu shahaadada PhD ka qaatay Physics Solid-State University University of Virginia 1985kii oo uu jagooyin Cilmi-baadhiseed ka qabtay Atomic and Molecular Physics ee Jaamacadda Manchester intii u dhaxaysay 1985 ilaa 1989 iyo Sayniska Surface ee Jaamacadda Wales, Kulliyadda Cardiff laga bilaabo 1989 ilaa 1992. Labada jagooyin ee cilmi-baadhistu waxay ku lug lahaayeen daraasadaha shucaaca synchrotron ee Daresbury SRS, Bessy, iyo Aladdin synchrotron.Danihiisa cilmi-baarista waxaa ka mid ah: sawir-qaadista ka soo baxa semiconductor iyo dusha birta iyo is-dhexgalka;Daraasadaha qaab dhismeedka sagxadaha iyadoo la adeegsanayo ScanningTunnelling Microscope iyo Diffraction Electron Tamarta Hoose; sifooyinka indhaha ee sagxadaha iyadoo la eegayo farsamooyinka Anisotropy Spectroscopy iyo Magneto-optical techniques;Codsiyada Algorithm-ka Hidde-raaca iyo Xeeladaha Evolutionary ee Fiisigiska.
Waqtiga boostada: Mar-21-2022